Archive for the ‘About Publishing’ Category
Ebook Pricing: An Interesting Perspective
Posted by: Michael R. Hicks in About Publishing on February 18th, 2009
One of the biggest questions many authors and small press publishers seem to have about ebooks is how much they should sell them for. And, of course, if you’re someone who reads ebooks, this is obviously of interest, as well!
While there are a lot of theories and arguments, I think the bottom line – for me – is that the best price is where the book provides the best overall return. In other words, there’s a price sweet spot where the number of sales times the price (or, specifically if you’re the author, the royalty) nets the highest return. Price the book too high and you’ll make a fat royalty for each sale, but you’ll hardly sell any; price it too low, and you may sell quite a few, but you won’t make much (and, ironically, if you price too low your sales may drop off – go figure!). So somewhere in between is where you want to aim, and sometimes it takes some experimentation.
In the case of my first novel, In Her Name, I originally priced the Kindle and Mobipocket versions high (for an ebook by an unknown author) at $8.97. I got some sales, but not all that many. I experimented for a while, and determined that for this book the sweet spot seems to be $6.99, which Amazon discounts to $5.59 (and I discount it on Mobipocket to follow suit). The royalty is quite reasonable, and the sales are the best compared to the other prices I tried.
The other day, though, Kat Meyer tweeted a link to a discussion on Harper Studio that was extremely interesting. After a brief introduction, “Bob” kicked things off with the following observations:
There seems to be a common refrain in many discussions of e-books, the idea that publishers should charge next to nothing for e-books because it doesn’t cost publishers much to produce them. This reflects a lack of understanding of a publisher’s costs. The cost of manufacturing a book is only the final cost in an extensive process. Whether a book is printed on paper and bound or formatted for download as an e-book, publishers still have all the costs leading up to that stage. We still pay for the author advance, the editing, the copyediting, the proofreading, the cover and interior design, the illustrations, the sales kit, the marketing efforts, the publicity, and the staff that needs to coordinate all of the details that make books possible in these stages. The costs are primarily in these previous stages; the difference between physical and electronic production is minimal. In fact, the paper/printing/binding of most books costs about $2.00…so if we were to follow the actual costs in establishing pricing, a $26.00 “physical” book would translate to a $24.00 e-book…and while I agree that e-books should be priced at a greater discount to hardcovers than $2.00, we need to move the conversation beyond the idea that e-books “don’t cost publishers anything to make.” — Bob
I’m not going to parrot here everything I wrote in my own response on this thread; instead, I highly recommend that you check out the discussion – there are lots of interesting insights and commentary for both authors/publishers and readers, alike.
Amazon DTP Publishing Tip: PDF Conversion to HTML
Posted by: Michael R. Hicks in About Publishing on February 17th, 2009
If you have a PDF that you want to convert to HTML to upload to Amazon’s Digital Text Platform (DTP), Adobe has a free service to do just that!
Head over to the Adobe Online PDF Conversion Tools page. You have the option of e-mailing the PDF as an attachment, or uploading to the system from a web URL. Before you get started, you should probably read the FAQ page so you’ll have a better idea what to expect.
Adobe gives you two conversion options by email: one to make your PDF file into a plain text file, the other to convert it to HTML:
- Plain text: email your PDF to pdf2txt@adobe.com
- HTML: email your PDF to pdf2html@adobe.com
For our purposes here, converting the PDF for upload to Amazon DTP, you’ll want to use the HTML option.
For the URL conversion, just type in the URL of the PDF, click the button for the format you want (HTML or text), and click Convert.
I tested both routes – email and URL – using the sample of In Her Name, with the following results:
- The email conversions worked fine, but you need to make sure you send the emails in plaintext format (not rich text or HTML). Any files I sent that weren’t plaintext format got kicked back.
- The URL conversion didn’t work for me and gave me an unspecified error, so you may or may not have better luck with that.
As for how the resulting HTML file looked, it was generally quite good. However, the big downside for anyone who has files with images is that no images were returned from the conversion process, only the text.
Also, don’t think that this (or any other PDF conversion) will result in clean copy: you’ll almost inevitably have to go in and tweak the HTML a bit to get it formatted the way you want. But that’s generally not too big a deal, and the conversion definitely gets you moving in the right direction!
Credit for this tip goes to DTP user booksdontchange.
Why Solicit for Book Reviews?
Posted by: Michael R. Hicks in About Publishing on February 15th, 2009
The title of this article seems like a no-brainer: of course you want to get book reviews! But, at least based on my experience thus far, there are some interesting aspects to it, particularly for those of us who are engaged in that most subversive of activities: self-publishing!
Before we start off, let me caveat this by saying that when I talk about reviews and reviewers in this post, I’m limiting the scope to people who maintain web sites or blogs primarily devoted to reviewing books. I believe that periodicals such as newspapers and magazines would also fall into this scope, although I can’t say for certain since I haven’t – yet – submitted to them for reviews. Reader reviews, such as those posted on Amazon, are entirely different and very important, but for somewhat different reasons that we’ll get to in a bit.
So, let’s look at blogs and web sites that review books. These are often the most accessible sources of reviews, because many of the folks who run these sites find it a great source of free books, and will often accept self-published books (whereas more mainstream reviewers won’t). A lot of them clearly put a great deal of thought and consideration into their reviews, while others don’t.
But what can you honestly expect? What is one review or a dozen (or a hundred) from these sorts of sites going to do for you?
Let’s take In Her Name as an example. I submitted the book to a variety of reviewers, from SciFi.com to personal book review blogs – probably about a dozen in all in the initial round. I didn’t send out hundreds of copies to every possible reviewer because that would have been inordinately expensive, and I also wanted to evaluate how the reviews went, and what impact – if any – they might have on sales.
Small Following = Small Impact
Unless you can reach more mainstream review sites with large followings (think at least Google page rank 6 or higher), reviews will likely not have a significant (and in some cases, no) direct impact on sales.
This is largely a numbers game: you would have to get your book reviewed on dozens (or more) of smaller sites to equate to the exposure from a single more popular “mainstream” site (or periodical). But the trick here is not just effort, but financial: every review copy you send out has a cost, and if you can’t reach the more mainstream sites, the return on investment can be thin.
Remember: for every set of visitors to one of these sites, only a certain percentage are likely to be potentially interested in your book. And of those, some percentage will actively be in the market for a new book, and will take it upon themselves to check out your book in more detail. Finally, some number of those folks will actually buy it. So if you don’t have a lot of people checking out the review in the first place, you’re not going to have very many (or any) trickling out the bottom of the funnel to buy your book.
Four Stars or Better
Depending on the reviewer’s rating system – if they use one – chances are that if your book doesn’t garner at least a “four-star” rating (out of five), the review will probably have little or no direct impact on sales. A three is relatively neutral, and I suspect that the key for swinging readers toward your book would be in the reviewer’s synopsis, but I believe there would have to be something particularly appealing in it. Let’s face it: why would someone even bother to read a review of a book – let alone consider buying it – by an unknown author that only gets three stars? Three stars is “average” (no matter how you want to define it), and there are a million of those out there. People want to spend their money on “good” books. Three isn’t good; it’s fair.
Obviously, one- or two-star rankings aren’t going to help your sales! But let’s be honest: if your book has gotten more than one of these ratings (even the best book is bound to be subject to a fluke) from impartial reviewers who specialize in your genre, you really need to take another look at your work. They could be trying to tell you something.
Transient Exposure
The exposure your book gets on most review sites tends to be transient and very brief. Ironically, this is more problematic with sites that review a higher volume of books – the very sites that tend to be more popular.
What happens is this: the review of your book is initially posted on the front page of the site, right at the top. Let’s say they loved it and gave it five stars. You rejoice! You see an upswing in traffic to your web site, and – hopefully – some sales.
The next day, the review site has posted a review of a different book, bumping you down the page. By this time most of the folks who subscribe to the site’s RSS feed have had a chance to see your book’s review and have either checked it out or not (although this certainly can dribble on for a little while, as people catch up on their feeds). Meanwhile, the folks who visit the site directly have already seen your review and want to read the newest one. You notice web traffic plateauing, or even declining. Ditto with sales.
This continues until, at some point, the review for your book drops off the front page. After that, the game’s pretty much over: your book’s review has essentially wound up in the history books, and the only way that anybody’s going to find it is if they happen to be just browsing the reviews, or if they heard of your book and they searched for reviews about it.
So, depending on how popular the site is and how many reviews they post, you may have only a few days, at most, to reap any direct benefit from that review. And some sites post their reviews directly to an archive, as opposed to more of a blog format: in that case, it’s unlikely that your book will get much direct exposure at all!
It’s In The Quotes
Let’s make the assumption for a moment that my assessments above are correct. The picture looks pretty bleak, doesn’t it? If all that’s even close to being true, why should you bother sending your book out for review at all?
To me, the true value of reviews is in the quotable material. You know, those little blurbs like these that I received for In Her Name:
“Hicks blends fantasy, science fiction, and romance together to create a story that crosses genres, and will appeal to a wide range of readers…Hicks has created some of the most memorable, likable characters I have read about in a long time. Reza is the quintessential coming-of-age hero, starting as a young, scared boy, and ending up a strong, confident warrior. He is surrounded by strong, powerful women, who each have their own struggles…I highly recommend this novel to lovers of fantasy and science fiction, as well as anyone who enjoys an engrossing, fast-paced novel set in a new and fascinating world.” – BookLoons
“The author’s writing style is very engaging…which makes you keep turning page after page to find out what happens next, and in the process letting you live the book…Reza Gard is very interesting. Human by birth, alien by upbringing, Reza struggles to straddle two mutually incompatible societies: a scientific, more or less democratic and individualistic human one; and a fantasy-like society…which is communal, blood-bonded, hierarchic, and based on honor and place…In Her Name was an excellent book and I highly, highly recommend it.” – Fantasy Book Critic
“In Her Name is an ambitious story, epic in scope with a huge cast of characters. The Kreelans are a wonderfully imaginative race, original and pretty much exactly the sort of thing I like to see explored…Fans of epic fantasy as well as science fiction lovers will find an enjoyable read here, particularly those who love to visit unique worlds with some seriously beautiful worldbuilding.” – GenreReviews
“I lost myself in the story…and the character development kept me turning pages late into the night. I spent my work day looking forward to reentering the world of In Her Name, and when I had finished I had thoroughly enjoyed my time there…all in all, this is a grand story of love, power, sacrifice, and good vs. evil.” – Grasping For The Wind
Even if I didn’t get a single direct sale from any of the reviews, I’ve got some great ammunition to use for promoting the book through other means! You can use these with everything from press releases to queries for a radio interview, along with a fact sheet on your book, or as part of a complete press kit.
If you get good reviews at these sorts of sites, you can also try and get your foot in the door at the more mainstream reviewers where you might be able to score some real numbers. I can’t guarantee that, as I haven’t tried it myself (yet), but if I was an editor and somebody sent me a tightly written sheet on a book that had received some real praise from several impartial review sites, I’d be a lot more willing to at least consider looking at it.
Reader Reviews
Reviews from review sites and “professional” reviewers (e.g., from a local newspaper or magazine) will give you good marketing material that you can use in a variety of ways to help lead people to find out more about your book.
But I firmly believe that one of the most important factors nowadays to get people to actually buy your book is reader reviews. People interested in your book read those reviews when they drop in on its catalog page on Amazon or wherever, and in many cases the reviews make or break the sale. Let’s face it: if your book has positive reader reviews (at least three star equivalent), that tells others visiting the catalog page that it’s probably worth plunking down some cash.
On the other hand, if your book gets trashed (not to be undiplomatic here), the chances drop dramatically that future visitors will buy it.
Now, I’m going to make a personal observation here that hits on author integrity: I would recommend to any authors or would-be authors out there that you never, ever post reviews to your own book, or even ask relatives or friends to post positive reviews (in fact, I’d discourage them from doing so).
Why? For one simple reason: integrity. One of the major knocks against self-published authors is that some of them do silly things like creating several user accounts on Amazon so they can give their books a bunch of five-star reviews in the guise of fake “readers.” You need to let your work stand on its own with the people who count: the readers.
Now, I’ll also tell you that I don’t think it’s bad to ask readers if they’d consider writing a reader review, as long as they aren’t close friends or family (for example: folks who comment on your site or on a forum you frequent, or who send you emails about your book). There’s no potential conflict of interest there, and asking politely is certainly fair game (with the caveat that they are under absolutely no obligation to do so!).
Some other folks have asked me how you can get reader reviews in the first place. Again, part of it is a numbers game: the more people who read your book, the more likely it’ll be that someone will take the time to review it.
So that means you have to get your marketing and promotion plan in gear!
Adding a Cover and Table of Contents for a DTP Kindle File
Posted by: Michael R. Hicks in About Publishing on February 14th, 2009
A lot of folks seem to run into trouble with adding a cover or – worse – adding a Table of Contents (TOC) to the HTML file they want to upload to Amazon’s Digital Text Platform (DTP) for titles published in the Amazon Kindle Store. It’s not as bad as it looks!
Here’s the basic code for how to do it:
<div id=”cover”>
<center>
<img src=”mycover.jpg”>
</center>
</div>
<mbp:pagebreak />
<div id=”toc”>
<p>Table of Contents</p>
<p><a href=”#one”>One</a></p>
<p><a href=”#two”>Two</a></p>
</div>
<mbp:pagebreak />
<p><a name=”one”>One</a></p>
<p>Text for chapter one here…</p>
<mbp:pagebreak />
<p><a name=”two”>Two</a></p>
<p>Text for chapter two here…</p>
Note that the TOC will probably not work on the DTP preview tool (at least as of this writing), but I tested this code on my Kindle, and the menu functions for the TOC worked properly, and the cover image also showed up properly.
For more tips and information on publishing your book through Amazon DTP, check out Publish Your Book On The Amazon Kindle: A Practical Guide (there’s also a Kindle version).
Amazon’s Digital Text Platform: Where’s Customer Support?
Posted by: Michael R. Hicks in About Publishing on February 5th, 2009
Let me be up front about something: I like Amazon. I’ve been an Amazon customer for years, and have done my share to help boost their profits.
But Amazon’s Digital Text Platform (or DTP), which is the mechanism for independent and small press publishers to get their books into the Amazon Kindle Store, has become an example of everything that the rest of Amazon isn’t. The only thing that truly amazes me is that it hasn’t gotten a lot more in the way of bad press and a class action lawsuit.
I’ve been using DTP for nearly a year now, having first published my novel In Her Name there early last year (2008). It was – and still is – beta software, meaning that it is full-featured but isn’t entirely stable, and beta users are generally expected to put up with bugs and help the developers refine the software into a stable, fully operational release.
I have no problem with that part – I’m used to dealing with buggy software (I’ll refrain from any comments on Microsoft Windows!). But what I do have a problem with is the near-total lack of technical support from the DTP staff. There are only two ways of – supposedly – contacting the developers and admins: one is on the DTP forums, the other is by email to dtp-feedback@amazon.com. If the staff routinely visited the forums or actually answered their emails, there wouldn’t be an issue. But they don’t. Read the rest of this entry »
Lead In Books – Another Reason To Get An Amazon Kindle
Posted by: Michael R. Hicks in About Publishing on February 4th, 2009
I originally wrote this post under the impression that the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act (CPSIA) of 2008 was targeting books because they contained some – if minute – quantities of lead. I was subsequently informed by some alert readers who are familiar with CPSIA that this is not the case! This is a time when I’m happy to be wrong – I’ve left the original text and reader comments as a record of the original post. 
This came as something of a revelation: that book products contain lead, albeit in very small amounts. I got a notice from Lightning Source (LSI) about a new U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission regarding lead content in books. Or, more accurately, that a twelve month delay has been granted for companies before they have to meet the new standards:
On January 30, 2009, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) issued a twelve month stay, through February 10, 2010, of the testing and certification requirements of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA) for lead content in ordinary books such as those manufactured by Lightning Source Inc.
I just thought, “Holy cow! I had no idea there was any lead content in books!” Now, granted, I don’t think that I’m in any imminent danger of serious lead poisoning or anything from reading. It’s just rather disgusting that lead seems to be used in so many things. Ugh!
But it just struck me that it’s just one more good reason to get an Amazon Kindle. Granted, the Kindle – like any electronic device – contains elements that aren’t exactly healthy for the environment during production or disposal, but it does eliminate all the many resources and harmful chemicals that go into making books.
Don’t get me wrong: I love “dead tree” books. But things being the way they are, with more and more resources being consumed across the board, and the vast majority of the books we read eventually winding up in garbage dumps (or, at best, paper recycling centers), it’s time we move into the electronic age. I literally haven’t bought or read a dead-tree book since buying my Kindle – so if you haven’t already check it out!
